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The Journal of Early Adolescence
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Childhood-Limited Versus Persistent Antisocial Behavior

Why Do Some Recover and Others Do Not? The TRAILS Study

René Veenstra

University of Groningen

Siegwart Lindenberg

University of Groningen

Frank C. Verhulst

Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam

Johan Ormel

University Medical Center Groningen

Possible differences between childhood-limited antisocial youth and their stable high-antisocial counterparts were examined. Children were 11 years old at wave 1 (T1) and 13.5 at wave 2 (T2). At both waves, the same parent, teacher, and self-reports of antisocial behavior were used. Stable highs and childhood-limited antisocial youth differed somewhat in family and individual background. Stable highs had less effortful control, perceived more overprotection, had a higher level of familial vulnerability to externalizing disorder, and lived less often with the same parents throughout their lives than the childhood-limited group. Both groups had similar levels of service use before T1, but after that period, the childhood-limited youth received more help from special education needs services than from problem behavior services, and vice versa for stable highs. The results suggest that the childhood-limited antisocial youth recovered not only from antisocial behavior but also from academic failure, peer rejection, and internalizing problems.

Key Words: antisocial behavior • developmental psychopathology • elementary school • life course persistent • stability

This version was published on October 1, 2009

The Journal of Early Adolescence, Vol. 29, No. 5, 718-742 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0272431608325501
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