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The Journal of Early Adolescence
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Depression Prevention for Early Adolescent Girls

A Pilot Study of All Girls Versus Co-Ed Groups

Tara M. Chaplin

University of Pennsylvania, tchaplin{at}psych.upenn.edu

Jane E. Gillham

Swarthmore College and University of Pennsylvania, jgillham{at}psych.upenn.edu

Karen Reivich

University of Pennsylvania, reivich{at}psych.upenn.edu

Andrea G. L. Elkon

University of Pennsylvania, andreaglelkon{at}yahoo.com

Barbra Samuels

University of Pennsylvania, bsamuels{at}ucla.edu

Derek R. Freres

University of Pennsylvania, dfreres{at}asc.upenn.edu

Breanna Winder

Swarthmore College, bwinder1{at}swarthmore.edu

Martin E. P. Seligman

University of Pennsylvania, seligman{at}psych.upenn.edu

Given the dramatic increase in depression that occurs during early adolescence in girls, interventions must address the needs of girls. The authors examined whether a depression prevention program, the Penn Resiliency Program, was more effective for girls in all-girls groups than in co-ed groups. Within co-ed groups, the authors also tested whether there were greater effects for boys than for girls. Participants were 20811-to 14-year-olds. Girls were randomly assigned to all-girls groups, co-ed groups, or control. Boys were assigned to co-ed groups or control. Students completed questionnaires on depressive symptoms, hopelessness, and explanatory style before and after the intervention. Girls groups were better than co-ed groups in reducing girls’ hopelessness and for session attendance rates but were similar to co-ed groups in reducing depressive symptoms. Co-ed groups decreased depressive symptoms, but this did not differ by gender. Findings support prevention programs and suggest additional benefits of girls groups.

Key Words: gender • adolescence • depressive symptoms • hopelessness • prevention • single-sex groups

The Journal of Early Adolescence, Vol. 26, No. 1, 110-126 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/0272431605282655
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