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The Journal of Early Adolescence
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Friendship and Deviance

New Evidence on an Old Controversy

Mary Rogers Gillmore

University of Washington

J. David Hawkins

University of Washington

L. Edward Day

University of Washington

Richard F. Catalano

University of Washington

This study examined the relationship between peer attachment and peer deviance. Study participants were fifth-grade students from an urban school district. Approximately half of the sample was male, and subjects represented a variety of racial/ethnic and socioeconomic groups. Subjects were asked questions about each of four best friends including how much they shared thoughts and feelings with the friends (intimacy), and whether they wanted to be like these friends (identification). They also were asked whether these friends got in trouble with the teacher, and whether they, themselves, got in trouble with the teacher. Results indicated that, in general, early adolescents were more attached to friends who did not get into trouble, regardless of whether they got in trouble themselves. These findings are inconsistent with cultural deviance theories and suggest, instead, that early adolescents likely share a common definition that friendships with conventional peers are more desirable than friendships with deviant peers.

The Journal of Early Adolescence, Vol. 12, No. 1, 80-95 (1992)
DOI: 10.1177/0272431692012001005
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Home page
 International Journal of Behavioral DevelopmentHome page
P. H. Hawley, T. D. Little, and N. A. Card
The allure of a mean friend: Relationship quality and processes of aggressive adolescents with prosocial skills
International Journal of Behavioral Development, March 1, 2007; 31(2): 170 - 180.
[Abstract] [PDF]