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The Influence of Parenting Style on Adolescent Competence and Substance Use
Diana Baumrind
University of California at Berkeley
An overview of the Family Socialization and Developmental Competence longitudinal program of research (FSP) is followed by a presentation of the hypotheses and findings pertaining to family patterns as determinants of adolescent competence, and of types of adolescent substance users. Data include clusters derived from comprehensive ratings of parents and their children completed independently within- and across-time periods at ages 4, 9, and 15 years. At Time 3 (T3), the sample included 139 adolescents and their parents from a predominantly affluent, well-educated, Caucasian population. Parenting types were identified that differ on the bases of commitment and balance of demandingness and responsiveness. Authoritative parents who are highly demanding and highly responsive were remarkably successful in protecting their adolescents from problem drug use, and in generating competence. Authoritative upbringing, although sufficient, is not a necessary condition to produce competent children. Casual recreational drug use was not associated with pathological attributes, either precursive or concurrent, although nonusers showed an increment in competence from Time 2 (T2) to Time 3 (T3).
The Journal of Early Adolescence, Vol. 11, No. 1,
56-95 (1991)
DOI: 10.1177/0272431691111004
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Journal of Adolescent Research,
January 1, 1997;
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12 - 33.
[Abstract]
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M. R. Hennan, S. M. Dornbusch, M. C. Herron, and J. R. Herting
The Influence of Family Regulation, Connection, and Psychological Autonomy on Six Measures of Adolescent Functioning
Journal of Adolescent Research,
January 1, 1997;
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[Abstract]
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K. J. Conger, R. D. Conger, and L. V. Scaramella
Parents, Siblings, Psychological Control, and Adolescent Adjustment
Journal of Adolescent Research,
January 1, 1997;
12(1):
113 - 138.
[Abstract]
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F. Vitaro, R. Ladouceur, and A. Bujold
Predictive and Concurrent Correlates of Gambling in Early Adolescent Boys
The Journal of Early Adolescence,
May 1, 1996;
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[Abstract]
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D. A. Cohen and J. C. Rice
A Parent-Targeted Intervention for Adolescent Substance Use Prevention: Lessons Learned
Eval Rev,
April 1, 1995;
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[Abstract]
[PDF]
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M. H. Bornstein
Form and Function: Implications for Studies of Culture and Human Development
Culture Psychology,
March 1, 1995;
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[Abstract]
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R. L. Jarrett
Growing up Poor: The Family Experiences of Socially Mobile Youth in Low-Income African American Neighborhoods
Journal of Adolescent Research,
January 1, 1995;
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H. A. Liddle
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[Abstract]
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P. Bronstein, M. Fitzgerald, M. Briones, J. Pieniadz, and A. D'Ari
Family Emotional Expressiveness as a Predictor of Early Adolescent Social and Psychological Adjustment
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